Frontier Applications Of Synthetic Diamond

2022-03-28

Synthetic diamonds are grown in a laboratory to simulate the natural formation environment of natural diamonds. There is no significant difference between the two in terms of crystal structure integrity, transparency, refractive index, and dispersion. Synthetic diamond has all the excellent physical and chemical properties of natural diamond, making it widely used in precision cutting tools, wear-resistant devices, semiconductors and electronic devices, low-magnetic detection, optical windows, acoustic applications, biomedicine, jewelry, etc.

1. Cutting Materials And Ultra-Precision Machining

Diamond is currently the hardest mineral in nature. In addition to this, it has high thermal conductivity, high wear resistance and chemical stability. These characteristics determine that diamond can also be a superior cutting material. Through artificially cultivated large single crystal diamond, ultra-precision machining can be further realized, which can reduce costs and improve technology.

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2. Optical Application Field

Diamond has a high transmittance in the entire wavelength range from X-rays to microwaves, and is an excellent optical material. For example, MPCVD single crystal diamond can be used as an energy transmission window for high-power laser devices, or as a diamond window for cosmic detectors. Diamond has the characteristics of thermal shock resistance, chemical corrosion resistance and mechanical wear resistance, and has corresponding research and applications in infrared windows, microwave windows, high-power laser windows, thermal imaging system windows, and X-ray windows.

3. Application Fields Of Quantum Devices

The diamond containing nitrogen vacancy defect has unique quantum properties, which can operate the NV color center with a specific beam at room temperature. It has the characteristics of long coherence time, stable fluorescence intensity and high luminous intensity. It is one of the quantum bit carriers with great research value and prospect. A large number of research institutions have carried out experimental research on NV color centers. A large number of research results have been achieved in the confocal scanning imaging of NV color centers, the spectral research of NV color centers at low temperature and room temperature, and the manipulation of spins by microwave and optical methods. Successful applications have been achieved in high-precision magnetic field measurement, biological imaging, and quantum detection.

For example, diamond detectors are not afraid of extremely harsh radiation environments and ambient stray light, do not need to add filters, and can work normally at room temperature and higher temperatures, without the need for additional cooling systems like silicon detectors.

4. Acoustic Application Field

Diamond has the advantages of high elastic modulus, low density and high strength. It is very suitable for making high-frequency and high-power surface acoustic wave devices, and is an ideal material for making high-fidelity acoustic devices.

5. Application Fields Of Medical Industry

Diamond's high hardness, high wear resistance, low friction coefficient and good biocompatibility make it widely used in prosthetic joints, heart valves, biosensors, etc., and become an indispensable and important material in the modern medical industry.

6. The Application Of Jewelry

Synthetic diamond is comparable to natural diamond in terms of color and clarity, and has obvious advantages in production’s cost and price. In 2018, the authoritative organization FTC included synthetically grown diamonds in the diamond category, which opened the era of replacement of natural diamonds. With the standardization and improvement of the grading standards of cultivated diamonds, the recognition of cultivated diamonds in the consumer market has increased year by year, and the global cultivated diamond industry has grown rapidly in the past two years. According to the tenth annual report on the global diamond industry jointly released by the American management consulting company and the Antwerp World Diamond Center, the total production of natural diamonds in the world in 2020 will drop to 111 million carats, a decrease of 20%, and the production of cultivated diamonds will reach 6 million to 7 million carats, Among them, 50% to 60% of the cultivated diamonds are produced in China using high temperature and high pressure technology, and India and the United States have become the main production centers of CVD. With the addition of well-known domestic and foreign diamond brand operators and authoritative appraisal and testing institutions, the development of the cultivated diamond industry has gradually become standardized, and consumer recognition has increased year by year, and cultivated diamonds have a large space for development in the jewelry consumer market.